1 W ha t I s a n O r g a ni c Co mp ou nd? O1.2 T he S a tura te d H y dro c ar bo ns, or A lk ane s O 1. 3 T he C y c l o a l k a ne s O1. 4 R ot a ti o n a ro und C— C B o nds O1.5 T he No me nc l a tur e of A l ka ne s O1. 6 The Uns atura ted Hy droc arb ons: A lke nes and A lky nes O1.
Reading assignment: make note on the following: e-configuration, Valence electrons, Hybridization, resonance structure. Hydrocarbon All organic compounds derived from a group of compounds known as hydrocarbons. This is an introductory page about alkenes such as ethene, propene and the rest. It deals with their formulae and isomerism, their physical properties, and an introduction to their chemical reactivity.
7 A l ke ne S te r e o i s om e rs O1. 8 The R ea ct io ns of A lka nes, A lke nes, a nd A lky nes O1. 9 Na tural ly Oc curri ng H y droc arb ons a nd The ir D eri v ati v es O1.1 0 A roma tic Hy droc arbons and The ir D eri va tiv es O1. 11 The Che mis try of Pe trol eum Pr oduc ts O1.1 2 T he C he mi s try of Co a l O1.1 3 Chi ra l S te re oi so me rs O1.1 4 Op ti c a l A c ti v i ty.
When you drive up to t he pu mp a t some gas stations y ou ar e faced with a variety of c hoices. You can buy “leaded” gas or different forms of “unleaded” gas that have different octane numbe rs. As you fil led the tank, you mig ht wonde r, “What is ‘ leaded’ gas, and why do they add lead to gas?” Or, “What would I get for my money if I bought pr emium gas, wi th a hig her octane number?” Y ou the n stop to b uy drugs f or a sore back tha t has been bother ing y ou sinc e you helped a friend move into a new apartment. Once again, you are faced with choices (see Figure O1.1). You could buy aspirin, which has been used since 1899. Or Tylenol, which contains acetaminophen. Or a more modern painkiller, such as ibuprofen.
While you are deciding whi ch drug to buy, you might wonder, “What is the dif ference be tween th ese dru gs?” and even, “How do they work?”. Y ou the n drive to campu s, w here you si t in a “p las tic” chai r to e at a sandwi ch that h as been wrapped in “plastic,” without worrying about why one of the plastics is flexibile while the other is rigid. While you’re eating, a friend stops by and starts to tease you about the effec t of your diet on the lev el of cholesterol in your blood, whic h br ing s up the questions, “What is cholesterol?” and “Why do so many people worry about it?” Answers to each of these questions fall within the realm of a field known as. C triple bonds. Carbon also f orms strong dou- ble and triple bonds to nitrogen and oxygen. It can even form double bonds to elements such as phosphorus and sulfur that do not form double bonds to themselves.
Several years ago, the unmanned Viking spacecraft carried out experiments designed to search for evidence of life on Mars. The experiments were based on the assumption that liv- ing sy stems contain carbon, and t he absen ce of any ev idence for carbon-based life on that plane t was presumed to mean that no life existed. Several factors make carbon essential to life.